Which of the following methods is effective in managing postharvest diseases?

Refrigeration of the produce is an effective method for managing postharvest diseases because it slows down the metabolic processes of both the produce and the pathogens that may be present. Many pathogens, such as bacteria and fungi, thrive in warmer temperatures and high humidity. By lowering the temperature, refrigeration can inhibit their growth and proliferation, thereby preserving the quality of the produce and extending its shelf life. This method is widely utilized in the storage and transport of fruits and vegetables to minimize spoilage and maintain marketability.

Other methods, such as dusting with pesticides, may not be practical or effective after harvest since their efficacy can diminish over time, and residues could lead to compliance issues for food safety. Leaving produce unwashed can increase the risk of postharvest diseases because contaminants and pathogens may remain on the surface of the fruits and vegetables. Applying more fertilizers is primarily a preharvest strategy to boost growth and yield; it does not address the factors contributing to postharvest diseases and could even lead to nutrient imbalances.